Summarizing the main ideas

TEXTILES
*FIBRES
*FABRICS
TYPES OF FIBRE
Textile materials are made in three stages.
1-Spinning fibres into yarns.
2-Weaving or knitting yarns to make fabrics.
3-Finishing fabrics to make them more useful.
There are three types of textile fibres:
-Natural fibres
-Synthetic fibres:are continuous filament fibres,while natural fibres are usually short staple fibres.
The expection to this rule is silk-a natural fibre whose continuous filaments are up to one kilometre in length.
WHERE FIBRES COME FROM
Natural fibres come from plants and animals:cotton,linen,wool,silk.
Synthetic fibres are manufactured using plant materials and minerals:viscose,acrylic,nylon,polyester.
NATURAL FIBRES
1-Natural fibres from plants:Cotton is used making jeans,t-shirt and towels.Linen is used for summer clothing,tea towels and tablecloths.
2-Natural fibres from animals:Wool is used for jumpers,suits and blankets.Silk is used for evening wear and ties.
SYNTHETIC FIBRES
The main sythetic fibres are:
-Viskose is used for shirts,dresses and linings.
-Acrylic is used for jumpers,fleece jacketsand blankets.
-Polyester is used for rain coats,fleece jackets,medical textiles.
-Nylon is used for active sportswear,fleece jackets,socks and seat belts.
MODERN FIBRES
-Microfibres:Polyester or nylon microfibres are 60-100 times finer than a human hair.Microfibres are used for outdoor-pursuits clothing and active sportswear.
-Fibre blends:Blending different fibres together produces yarns that have the combined properties of each component fibre.Using fibre blends improvesthe appearence,performance,comfort and aftercare of fabric.
Blending can also reduce the cost of an expensive fibre.
FABRICS
Most fabrics are made by weaving or knitting yarns together.
Non-woven fabrics are made by bonding or felting fibres together.
*WOVEN FABRICS
Woven fabrics are made up of a weft
-the yarn going across the width of the fabric and a warp
-the yarn going down the the length og the loom.
The side of the fabric where the wefts are double back to form a non-fraying edge is called the selvedge.
*KNITTED FABRICS
There are two types of fabrics.
1-Weft -knitted fabrics are made by hand or machine.Weft knits are used for socks, t-shirt and jumpers.
2-Warp-knitted febric is made by machine and is used for swimwear,underwear and geotextiles.
*NON-WOVEN FABRICS
Non-woven fabric is made by bonding or felting and is used interlining,hats and slippers and in handcrafts.
*MODERN, SMART AND COMBINATION FABRICS
Modern and smart fabrics are designed to maximise characteristic such as lightness,breathability,waterproofing.They are usually manufactured using microfibres.
*CHOOSING MATERIALS
It is important to choose materials that are fit for their purpose.Choosing a fabric with the appropriate quality and cost will ensure that a pruduct will suit the target market and do the job it is intended.